Definition
辛辛苦苦 is the AABB reduplicated form of 辛苦 (xīn kǔ, 'hardworking'). It functions as an adverb meaning 'painstakingly' or 'with great effort'. This pattern intensifies the original adjective, emphasizing sustained, diligent effort — often used to describe working, studying, or raising children over a long period.
r.f.
painstakinglywith great effort
Examples
- 辛辛苦苦，。Tā xīn xīn kǔ kǔ gōngzuò le sān shí nián, zhōngyú zǎn gòu le qián.He worked painstakingly for thirty years and finally saved enough money.
- 辛辛苦苦，。Fùmǔ xīn xīn kǔ kǔ bǎ wǒmen yǎng dà, wǒmen yào hǎohǎo bàodá tāmen.Our parents raised us with great effort; we should repay them well.
- 辛辛苦苦。Zhèxiē chéngguǒ shì dàjiā xīn xīn kǔ kǔ huàn lái de.These results were obtained through everyone's hard work.
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