Definition
既然 (jì rán) means 'since, given that' and introduces a known premise that leads to a logical conclusion — it's used in reasoning, often with 就 in the main clause. Unlike 由于 (yóu yú), which states a cause or reason (often with 所以), 既然 assumes the premise is already accepted and focuses on the conclusion. 鉴于 (jiàn yú) is a more formal synonym used in official or written contexts.
conjunction
sincegiven thatnow that
Examples
- 既然，。jì rán nǐ yǐjīng juédìng le, wǒ jiù bú zài quàn nǐ le.Since you've already decided, I won't try to persuade you anymore.
- 既然，。jì rán dàjiā dōu tóngyì, nà wǒmen jiù àn zhège jìhuà zuò ba.Since everyone agrees, let's just follow this plan.
- 既然，？jì rán nǐ lái le, wèishénme hái zhàn zài ménkǒu bú jìnlái?Since you're here, why are you still standing at the door not coming in?
Grammar
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