宏观 (hóngguān) means 'macro-' or 'macroscopic' — it describes a big-picture, high-level perspective, especially in analysis, economics, or planning, and is the direct opposite of 微观 (micro-). It differs from 整体 (zhěngtǐ 'the whole'), which focuses on completeness as one entity, and from 全方位 (quánfāngwèi 'all-round'), which emphasizes covering every direction or aspect. 宏观 is about scale and level of abstraction, not about comprehensiveness or physical size.